How does ransomware typically operate?

Ransomware operates primarily by encrypting data on an infected system and then demanding payment from the user for the decryption key. This type of malicious software encrypts important files, making them inaccessible to the user, and presents a ransom note that outlines the payment method and the urgency of the situation. The intention is to coerce the victim into paying a specific amount in exchange for the means to restore access to their own data. This exploit capitalizes on the victim's predicament, creating a scenario where they are motivated to pay in hopes of regaining access to essential files.

The mechanisms of ransomware are distinct from other forms of cyber threats. For example, while filtering network traffic can be a characteristic of network security monitoring, it doesn't relate directly to the operations of ransomware. Decrypting data without user awareness is more indicative of other malicious activities such as spyware or cryptojacking, but does not align with the ransom demands commonly associated with ransomware. Similarly, keystroke logging is a method used by different types of malware for gathering information, rather than the specific operational method employed by ransomware.