What does an access log record?

An access log records activities performed by users, including file access. This type of log provides a detailed account of user interactions with a system or database, capturing essential information such as which files were accessed, the time of access, and the identity of the user involved. Access logs are vital for monitoring user behavior, ensuring accountability, and conducting audits within systems.

The other options reflect different concepts related to data management and security but do not match the primary function of an access log. For example, while security breaches may be noted in a security log, they are not the main focus of an access log, which is more about user actions rather than security incidents. Similarly, physical location of data pertains to storage infrastructure and geographic considerations rather than direct user activity tracking. Data encryption methods relate to the security of the data itself rather than how users interact with that data. Therefore, access logs specifically focus on the logging of user activities relating to data access.