When conducting research, which method can provide immediate feedback from participants?

Interviews are a highly effective method for obtaining immediate feedback from participants during research. This approach involves direct interaction between the researcher and the participant, allowing researchers to ask questions, clarify responses, and delve deeper into specific topics as they arise. The conversational nature of interviews means that researchers can quickly gauge participant reactions and adapt their questioning accordingly, thereby obtaining insights in real-time.

In contrast, other methods such as observation may require interpretation of behavior without verbal feedback, and while surveys can collect data from many participants, the responses are typically reviewed after the data is gathered, making immediate feedback difficult to achieve. Focus groups involve discussions with multiple participants, which can yield immediate reactions, but the feedback is often more collective and less direct than in one-on-one interviews. This makes interviews uniquely suited for situations where immediate, personal feedback is critical for understanding participant perspectives.