Which of the following is considered primary data?

Primary data refers to the information that is collected directly from the source for a specific research purpose. This type of data is typically original and unprocessed, making it unique to the study being conducted. When a researcher collects data personally, they are gathering firsthand information that is directly relevant to their research question, which does not rely on previous interpretations or analyses.

For example, conducting a survey, conducting experiments, or any form of direct observation represents primary data collection. This data is valuable because it is tailored to the exact requirements of the study, providing insights that secondary data sources may not offer.

In contrast, the other choices represent secondary data, where information is taken from existing sources or prior research, rather than being gathered firsthand.